All About Share Repurchase Agreements: An In-Depth Guide
What is a share repurchase agreement?
When a company decides to repurchase its own shares, it enters into what is known as a share repurchase agreement. This legal contract outlines the terms under which the company will buy back its own shares, usually from current shareholders. Share repurchase agreements are often offered to employees and current shareholders, and can be part of a compensation package or presented as an investment opportunity.
These agreements are essentially a simple sale of stock where the price is established in advance. For this reason, the repurchase price is typically adjusted to either increase or match the current market price, such as through a formula relating to the fair value or book value of the stock at the time of repurchase . Share repurchase agreements can be for shareholders that are leaving the company, but the agreement can also be structured in a way that leaves the decision to repurchase the shares to the discretion of the corporation, although in practice they are typically repurchased within a short period after a specific triggering event.
Triggers for share repurchases include deaths, a shareholder’s resignation, general retirement and other circumstances in which an employee or current shareholder is exiting the company. Other types of triggering events include: Many shareholders of closely held companies find shares of stock illiquid and participate in a share repurchase agreement so they can cash out their investment. Repurchase agreements work to prevent outsiders from acquiring shares when a shareholder is dead or moves on from the company. Share repurchase agreements also establish the price that a corporate stockholder can sell his or her stock for, also allowing companies to control when shares are sold.